CMC20 optimization by staking assets during the month

hi all,

for many years I have been looking for viable SP500 type index’s for crypto. With CMC20, there seems to be a serious attempt.

One of the reasons I am still considering to hold native assets instead of the CMC20 is due to missing out on staking rewards, which means you are getting inflated away. With the way CMC20 is set up, it is actually possible to immediately stake the subset of tokens that can be staked, such as SOL, and prevent dilution.

Most of these assets within the CMC20 will not meaningfully change in allocation often, but for the sake of liquidity, I do believe they should be fully liquid ahead of the monthly rebalance. Since this rebalance is predictable and also takes voting time, these assets could be unstaked ahead of the rebalance in order to be liquid during.

Currently applicable tokens are BNB, SOL, TRX, ADA, HYPE and AVAX.

A more active governance could even only unstake certain percentages for the upcoming balance, however this would include somewhat predicting how big the rebalance changes would be, thereby defeating the set-and-forget thesis of an index.

This seems like a straightforward win for CMC20 holders, and also crypto-native benefit compared to the SP500.

4 Likes

Good post!

Yes what you get in indexing convenience (e.g. single token exposure to n ecosystems) you lose in staking income. Passive investors vs active investors.

A few of the challenges on staked tokens:

  • Much lower liquidity and entry/exit paths on staked tokens = higher cost and slower entry/exits YOU pay for
  • Many staked tokens work differently in how they accrue rewards = creates costly smart contract complexity to capture this (gas, security, etc)
  • Maybe others?

Potential solution which could be unique to the Reserve flywheel:

  • Estimate a weighted average of staking rewards on basket tokens. Lets call it net 7% for this discussion and will use arbitrary numbers throughout.

  • CMC20 holders that lock for 180d earn 3.5% apr, lock for 365d earn 7.5% apr, better than what active holders staking could earn. Nice value add for DTFs!

  • Where does the yield come from? Reserve’s treasury RSR can be TWAMM’d into CMC20 rewards for stakers.

Measuring ROI:

  • These rewards will have a CAC (Customer Acquisition Cost) how much it costs to get a new customer, and LTV (Customer Lifetime Value) the total revenue a business expects from that customer over their entire relationship.
  • All marketing should be measured in CAC and LTV. Ideally you want low CAC and high LTV - those are the initiatives that get doubled-down on.

Who decides?

  • Option A: Community and core teams would review CAC and LTV on all marketing initiatives twice or once a year in order to determine what gets topped up.
  • Option B: Central team determines what gets topped up as it sees fit. Shares progress 1 to 4x per year.

Bunch of tradeoffs on Option A and B that I wont repeat here but can be found in RSR Health RFC.

What did I miss or get wrong?

1 Like

The intuition behind staking CMC20 is understandable, but it mistakes mechanism for structure. An index exists to measure reality, not to manufacture yield. The moment you ask it to produce income, you are no longer tracking the market, you are running an active strategy while pretending to be passive.

Staking the index itself is not meaningfully possible. Most of the assets that define the market, Bitcoin, large portions of Ethereum exposure, and several top-cap tokens, do not natively produce staking rewards. The subset that does is small, fragmented across chains, and governed by incompatible lock-ups, withdrawal queues, and slashing risks. Any yield extracted from this minority would be economically marginal and operationally complex, while simultaneously undermining the index’s core properties: liquidity, rebalance precision, and methodological neutrality. The cost of complexity overwhelms the benefit of yield.

1 Like

We are aligned on substance, though the distinction that matters is ultimately categorical. An index that produces yield begins to move away from its primary role and into a different domain.

Proposals to pay yield to index holders without staking the underlying assets are possible and may serve a purpose, but they should be described with precision. In these cases, the yield does not emerge from the index itself. It is supported by treasuries, fees, or emissions. This can be a useful incentive mechanism, but it is not organic return. When such incentives are reduced or removed, the yield naturally falls away. What remains is a product that relies on external support rather than one that purely reflects the market. At that point, the index shifts from measuring performance toward promoting participation.

This tension often comes from combining two distinct objectives into a single instrument. Market exposure and income generation address different needs. When they are merged, the result is often an index that no longer tracks cleanly and a yield product that lacks durability. Traditional finance encountered this distinction long ago. Benchmarks exist to measure performance. Income vehicles take risk in exchange for cash flow. Crypto, while programmable, still operates under these same economic constraints.

A more coherent path forward is separation rather than synthesis. A liquid, market cap weighted index like CMC20 can remain a trusted reference asset, while yield can be pursued through a separate, explicitly risk bearing portfolio built on liquid staking derivatives, real world assets, or other cash flow producing primitives, with governance and disclosure that reflect its active nature.

Together, these products can form a complementary system, with growth on one side and income on the other, without compromising either.

1 Like

thank you for the engagement and suggestion. I personally would not advocate for incentivizing such a no-brain flagship index. If the index does not make it due to not enough interest, then it simply does not have PMF within crypto, and the protocol should not waste its token on it.

1 Like

I mostly agree with you, likely to the point that I relent my own suggestion.

One counter argument is that I am not arguing for yield, I am arguing not to be diluted. Crypto assets are fundamentally different due to built in inflation. Solana for example, one of the larger holdings, at the moment has ‘high’ inflation, and a small staking window.

Staking being complex is also something I think should not be holding back a protocol like Reserve. If the gov/admin-key maintainers of this index think staking is complex, that would be bearish. Staking is easy and straightforward, predictable and ever since 2020, each of these stake-based chains I mentioned is scalable and therefore cheap to stake and unstake. I on purpose left out ETH due to slashing, costs and stake-cue.

1 Like

Suggestions like this are valuable, and the framing is thoughtful. The instinct to interrogate dilution rather than chase yield is the right place to start, especially in crypto where monetary policy is explicit and inflation is not abstract but encoded.

You are correct that several assets in the index, Solana in particular, have built-in inflation and that staking functions as the mechanism through which holders offset that dilution. From that perspective, staking is not an attempt to generate excess return, but an attempt to preserve real exposure. In isolation, that logic is sound.

Where the difficulty arises is not whether staking itself is complex or scalable on individual chains, but whether it is compatible with the role an index is meant to play. An index is designed to reflect the market as it exists, not to actively manage the monetary policy of its constituents. Once the index begins selectively staking some assets and not others, it is no longer passively measuring exposure. It is making allocation decisions about how that exposure should be maintained. That shift is subtle, but important.

Even if staking is operationally straightforward on Solana or similar chains, applying it inside a broad-market index introduces structural asymmetries. Once that line is crossed, there is no neutral rule that determines which forms of inflation should be offset and which should not, and the index necessarily becomes an active manager rather than a reference.

Some assets inflate and can be staked, others inflate differently or not at all, and some cannot be staked without introducing slashing risk, lockups, or derivative exposure. The index would then be partially compensating for dilution in some assets while leaving others untouched, which quietly transforms the product from a neutral benchmark into an active policy layer.

This does not mean the concern about dilution is misplaced. It means the place to address it may not be inside the index itself. An index that attempts to correct for the monetary design of its components risks embedding assumptions that not all participants agree on, and once that happens, clarity begins to erode.

The more durable approach is to let the index remain what it is, a clean reference point, while allowing separate products to take explicit views on inflation, staking, and cash flow. That separation preserves trust in the benchmark while still giving users tools to express more nuanced positions if they choose to.

None of this invalidates the suggestion. On the contrary, it surfaces the right questions. The tension between dilution, staking, and exposure is real, and it is exactly the kind of pressure that leads to better product design when explored openly. Please keep making suggestions like this.

These are the types of discussions that sharpen systems and build them rather than dilute them. Thanks for being involved and stay involved.

3 Likes

Would be nice to keep it as a benchmark and add an option to stake the same CMC20 essentially turning it in SCMC20.

2 Likes

Keep exploring. If you can see how it can become a possibility, share away.

Ideas are great.

1 Like

I was one of the first community members within INDEX Coop, and I remember vividly how BasketDAO created a DPI but instead of being made up from the main defi tokens, it was made up from every most direct, least stacked staked/yield bearing versions of each underlying as possible. It attracted my attention immediately, highlighting the awesomeness of open-source defi. It didn’t make it at the time, indexes in crypto being ahead of its time, and also, exchanges at the time being afraid of yield bearing tokens. Now the world has opened up, so perhaps it is time to try again.

3 Likes

On a different note, @Jamesrwatsonx I noticed that the index rebalance of this month has executed, but now the index holds 19 coins… Any way as lurkers/non-gov holders to ask the governors why

Good catch! The Canton Network token had to be temporarily excluded due to bridging limitations on BSC. We’re actively working with the Canton team to find a solution. Once a BSC-compatible option is available, it’ll rejoin the basket.

3 Likes

Thanks for the explanation. What is the general game plan for this, as it will happen often.. Does Reserve partner with a bridging token platform or is it now just wait? I assume the sold WFLI position then gets rebalanced over all other 19 coins?

A little disclaimer. The day after posting I realized a very simple reason why staked tokens cannot be part of this index. Even if the staking period is 1 day, it would still make the token not instantly redeemable, something the website UI, and the product, promises as one of its main features.

Reason for not immediately mentioning it here was that I was curious to gauge the level of engagement. Which I was happily surprised about. The specific redeeming issue wasn’t mentioned, but plenty of other fair counter arguments and potential different products were shared.

1 Like

Great discussion here and also pointing to some of the complexities of staking. This can sometimes be overcome with liquid staking or liquid restaking tokens, but then of course you’re in a totally different domain of risk and counterparty dependencies.

Would a “liquid staked” CMC20 make sense? What are some “staked BTC” options?
Definitely a good avenue for exploration.

2 Likes

Agree every token has a different staking and unlock cadence, and token -type to which a programmatic onchain DTF would not be able to handle for 20 tokens. Middleman vault product could do it more easily, but then you are back to middleman whims (on a wide variety of topics).

From what Ive seen in current and past crypto users, active stakers (hunters) are about the opposite of passive holders that have made equity index fund and ETFs so popular.

Think that :backhand_index_pointing_up:t2: is a powerful, attention focusing statement.

Question to answer what is sufficient market test period and marketing/distribution inputs (and target CAC, LTV, etc)? Unlikely to be an overnight success.

1 Like

Absolutely agree :100: .

1 Like

Gonna bump this question, as I am quite curious and don’t want it to snow under.